Effect of implant surface microtopography by hydroxyapatite grit-blasting on adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblast-like cell line, MG-63

With regards to their biological and physiochemical properties, titanium-based biomaterials have been successfully used in orthopaedic, dental and maxillo-facial surgery mainly as endosseous implants. The early osseointegration of titanium dental implants is an important factor for their clinical success. The implant loading to bone is influenced by various factors, including surface chemistry, energetics, and surface topography. These surface parameters are decisive during the bone healing period in the peri-implant region. After implantation, implant surfaces are in contact with body fluids and interact with a number of proteins and different cell types. Cell adhesion is one of the initial stages for subsequent proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblastic cells producing bony tissue and extracellular matrix, which will ensure a high boneimplant contact. It has been shown that osteoblastic cell adhesion, growth, and differentiation are related to surface chemistry, energetics, and roughness. Although many in vitro experiments have studied osteoblastic cell behavior on titanium surfaces, the optimal surface parameters for adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblastic cells have not yet been completely understood. But among them, surface roughness is one of the most acknowledged parameters improving the bone anchorage of titanium implants. A different evidence indicate that surface roughness of titanium implants strongly affects the behavior of osteoblastic cells. First of all, rough surfaces encourage the entrapment of fibrin protein, adhesion of osteogenic cells, and mechanical stability of implants in host bone. On the other hand, numerous reports indicate that increased surface roughness stimulates osteoblastic cell differentiation and bone formation. Seung-Il Song Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Ajou University San 5, Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 443-721, Korea TEL: +82-31-219-5328 FAX: +82-31-219-5329 E-mail: [email protected] Effect of implant surface microtopography by hydroxyapatite grit-blasting on adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblast-like cell line, MG-63